Factors Affecting Machine Rigidity

The term 'rigidity' used by people in the machine tool industry refers to the measurement of the amount of deformation caused by a machine tool under force.

The rigidity of CNC Lathe is reflected in two aspects: static rigidity and dynamic rigidity.

The static rigidity of the machine tool indicates the size of the deformation of the machine tool itself caused by the machine tool during the cutting process. In addition, there are deformation of the guide rail, deformation of the bed and so on. The static rigidity is composed of many factors, the most important being the static rigidity of the three-axis screw system.

Dynamic rigidity is the most important index to measure the rigidity of a machine tool. Generally speaking, the dynamic rigidity of a machine tool refers to the ability of the machine tool to resist forced vibration. The CNC machine tool rotates at high speed during cutting, and the vibration of the machine tool is caused by the rotating cutting and the unevenness or impurities inside the material. The cutting part is the vibration source of the whole equipment. The screw system, guide rail system and bed of the equipment will produce forced vibration under the influence of the vibration source. If the vibration of each part of the machine tool is large, it will have a very adverse effect on the processing, mainly affecting the roughness of the cutting and the life of the tool, and it will have a fatal effect on high-precision processing.

How to ensure the high rigidity of a machine tool? First of all, the reasonable structure of the bed increases the weight of the machine tool itself, and the secondary annealing treatment is the basis for ensuring the rigidity of the machine tool. Secondly, choose a large-diameter lead screw and a large-diameter bearing at the front end of the main shaft. The rolling linear guide rail pair is selected with a high-strength locking force rail clamp to ensure rigidity while taking into account the moving speed.

In short, the rigidity of a machine tool is affected by all aspects of machine tool production, such as mechanical design, mechanical manufacturing, and electrical debugging. The rigidity is improved from every detail, and the combination of component rigidity is a comprehensive embodiment of the rigidity of a CNC equipment.